Category Research project
  • Mikrobiologie

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and other multidrugresistant bacteria (MRE) in the dairy food chain: Holistic approach (one health) to the evaluation of mastitis-risk and risk of zoonotic transmission

Project status
Completed
Project start
Apr 2021
Project end
Mar 2023
Acronym
#1Health-PREVENT 2
Department
Biologische Sicherheit

Description and Objective

Mastitis is one of the most frequent and costly diseases in dairy cows that causes substantial economic losses. An increasing number of mastitis cases in dairy cows is caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Treatment is mostly based on the use of Beta lactam antimicrobials. However, MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are resistant to beta lactams thus complicating therapy. Moreover, use of other antimicrobials might cause the development of further resistant bacteria. This includes methicillin-resistant non-aureus staphylococci (MR-NAS). These are overall less virulent than MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, some strains however do cause mastitis. Besides clinical issues for dairy herds this is an issue for consumer protection. MRS could be transferred to humans via the raw milk food chain. It is the objective of this project to develop measures to counteract the spread of MRS in dairy herds. Furthermore, we wish to evaluate the survival of MRS in raw milk with various additives and during the production of raw milk soft cheese. Therefore, the project can help improving animal health and prevention of zoonotic spread of multi-drug resistant bacteria from animals to humans. The project addresses the research question of Transmission of infectious agents with antimicrobial resistance between animals and humans. Particularly, it addresses the role of MRS in mastitis of dairy cows and the transmission of these zoonotic bacteria through the dairy food chain.

Result

The subproject addressed intervention studies to reduce MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on dairy farms and tenacity studies on MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk and during the production of raw milk soft cheese. Intramammary pirlimycin treatment of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infected udder quarters can significantly increase the cure rate of affected udder quarters over the dry period, provided there are no pirlimycin-resistant MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in the dairy herd. However, elimination of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from the mammary gland does not result in elimination of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from other body sites, thus, spread in the herd is only reduced but not eliminated. Studies on heat inactivation of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk and colostrum showed that treatment at 60 °Cshort fordegrees Celsius resulted in a strong reduction of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus levels. However, depending on the initial MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus level, heat treatment did not result in complete elimination of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Heat-treated raw milk should be fed quickly to prevent re-growth of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the milk. Tenacity studies of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk at different pH values and temperatures showed that growth depends on the pH of the raw milk, the incubation temperature, and the particular strain. Low pH values and temperatures slowed the rate of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus multiplication in raw milk, with a pH value of 4.5 completely inhibiting MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus growth. In co-cultivation experiments with four selectedr cultures, rapid acidification of raw milk and concomitant inhibition of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus growth was observed only with the addition of Lactococcus lactis. Studies on soft cheese production from raw milk inoculated with MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus showed that there was a strong proliferation of MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the cheese at the beginning of the cheese production process, with the highest MRSAshort forMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacterial count at the end of cheese ripening. This observation is also relevant with regard to toxin-producing S. aureus, as the cell count is crucial for toxin production.
Type of project

Third-party funded project

Research focus

Gesundheit von Mensch, Tier und Umwelt (One Health) / Expositionsabschätzung und Bewertung biologischer Risiken

Organisational units and partners

Lead specialist group: Epidemiologie, Zoonosen und Antibiotikaresistenz (43)
Contact persons: PDshort foroutside lecturer Dr. Bernd-Alois Tenhagen, Dr. Sven Maurischat, Dr. Tobias Lienen
External partner: Institut für Hygiene, Fachhochschule Südwestfalen, Robert Koch-Institut, Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen, Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie

Funding body and grant number

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
01KI2009C